A good supply of essential nutrients is extremely important for children. The growing body needs a lot of vitamins, minerals, protein and essential fatty acids for optimal development. A sufficient supply can support healthy bone growth and, above all, helps to ensure good mental development.
Because children are growing, they have a higher need for many nutrients in relation to their body weight than adults.
Unfortunately, many children do not eat a balanced diet. High-quality protein sources, vegetables, fruit and fish are often neglected. Instead, too much white flour and sweets are on the menu.
The EsKiMo nutrition study found that most German children do not consume enough essential nutrients through their diet. [1]
Parents should pay particular attention to the following nutrients in children:
Omega-3 fatty acids
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential and have many important functions in the body. In childhood, they are especially important for brain development. The supply of Omega-3 appears to have an influence on mental performance. [2]
It is crucial to rely on marine omega-3 from fish and algae, which are rich in the omega-3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA).
iodine
Iodine is important for the thyroid gland, among other things, because it is a component of thyroid hormones. In children, iodine is also crucial for mental development. [3] Iodine deficiency during pregnancy can have a negative effect on the child's IQ.
Unfortunately, the iodine supply in Germany is generally not good because the soil is very poor in iodine. Even the use of iodized table salt is usually not sufficient to ensure iodine supply.
Calcium
Calcium is an essential bone mineral that is important for bone strength. A calcium deficiency in childhood can promote osteoporosis later in life. During the growth phase, there is an increased need for calcium and a deficiency should be avoided at all costs. [4]
Vitamin D
Vitamin D is very important for the bones; it is needed for the absorption of calcium. Vitamin D deficiency can lead to rickets, a deformation of the bones. A lack of vitamin D also promotes tooth decay.
In addition, vitamin D is essential for the immune system. [5]
Vitamin C
Vitamin C is also very important for the immune system. [6] Vitamin C is also an important antioxidant and is needed for the formation of collagen – the main protein in connective tissue.
Observational studies show that almost every second child does not consume enough vitamin C.
Zinc
Zinc has many functions in the body. Skin, hair and nails need zinc. In addition, the immune system cannot function without zinc. In children, zinc is also particularly important for growth, as zinc is needed for cell division. [7]
Conclusion: Children have an increased need for nutrients
A good supply of essential nutrients is extremely important for the growth and development of children. Unfortunately, children often miss out on many important nutrients. Parents should avoid nutritional deficiencies in their children at all costs, as these can also have a negative impact on their later health.
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[1] https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/Gesundheitsmonitoring/Studien/Kiggs/Basisernahme/Eskimo/eskimo_node.html
[2] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28969711/
[3] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15755866/
[4] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15755866/
[5] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28719693/
[6] https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD000980.pub4/full