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Cataracts: What micronutrients can do

Cataracts cause the lens of the eye to become cloudy, causing visual impairment. In the late stages, blindness can occur.

In cataracts, the protein structures in the eye change, causing them to become denser. The lens becomes cloudy and the visual process is impaired. Objects are no longer perceived as clearly.

Cataracts develop slowly, usually over decades. In the beginning, no problems are usually noticed, but over time, vision deteriorates more and more. It is often only diagnosed in people over 60.

In addition to age, certain medications (e.g. medications containing cortisone), chemotherapy, diabetes, smoking and frequent exposure to strong UV radiation can promote the development of cataracts.

Cataracts are considered incurable and can currently only be treated surgically. The clouded lens of the eye is replaced with an artificial lens.

Micronutrients can help with cataracts and may even prevent the disease.

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Antioxidants

Oxidative stress is caused by free radicals and can damage the lens of the eye. Eyes are particularly susceptible to oxidative stress due to UV radiation. Antioxidants capture free radicals and thus help to protect the eyes from oxidative stress caused by UV light.

The antioxidants vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E have been shown to be helpful in the treatment of cataracts. [1] Carotenoids and other phytochemicals such as OPC and green tea extract can also help reduce oxidative stress in the eye. [2]

B vitamins

The protein structures in the eye require B vitamins. In addition, high homocysteine ​​levels can damage the eye and promote cataracts. Homocysteine ​​is a toxic metabolic product that is broken down by B vitamins . The B vitamins vitamin B6, folic acid (vitamin B9) and vitamin B12 are particularly important here. Studies indicate that B vitamins can prevent cataracts. [3] [4]

Omega-3 fatty acids

Omega-3 fatty acids are a component of cell membranes and also play an important role in the cells of the eyes, especially the retina. The omega-3 fatty acid DHA is important for the visual process and for light-dark vision.

In addition, omega-3 fatty acids can counteract dry eyes because they can positively influence the composition of the tear film. [5] [6] Patients often suffer from dry eye syndrome after cataract surgery.

Conclusion: Micronutrients can support cataracts

Oxidative stress caused by UV light appears to play an important role in the development of cataracts. Antioxidants such as vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E as well as secondary plant substances can protect the eye from oxidative stress. In addition, high homocysteine ​​levels caused by a lack of B vitamins can damage the eye. Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for the eye and can counteract dry eye syndrome after surgery.

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[1] https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00347-003-0788-0

[2] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28628342/

[3] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26786311/

[4] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28820082

[5] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11888/

[6] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5362390/

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